What do Pugs, French Bulldogs, and Boston Terriers all have in common? It’s not just that they’ve risen in popularity in the last decade. These breeds are brachycephalic, which means they have a trademark “short nose” or “flat face”. It’s true that these pooches are incredibly cute, but their little button noses also come with a price.

Many short-nosed or flat-faced dogs possess small upper jaws, making it harder for them to breathe and perform other activities. Adding these furry cuties to your family isn’t impossible, but you will do some extra work. It’s highly important to ensure you have the time and patience to keep your brachycephalic dog happy and comfortable.

In this guide, we will discuss everything you need to know about brachycephalic dogs and how you can care for them.

What does “brachycephalic” mean?

The word “brachycephalic” is a scientific term your vet will likely use to describe your flat-faced or short-nosed pup. Derived from two Greek words that mean “shortened head,” brachycephalic breeds stand apart from the crowd with their shared physical traits, like a short muzzle and a noticeable underbite.

Which breeds are brachycephalic?

Many cute and popular breeds fall under the brachycephalic category. In fact, you may recognize or even own one of these adorable canines such as:

• Chow Chow
• English Toy Spaniel
• Pekingese
• Lhasa Apso
• Shih Tzu
• Chihuahua
• Bullmastiff

The short, squished faces and twinkling eyes of many brachycephalic breeds are endearing to us. Often, we think of these dogs as babies because of their small faces. On top of this, many brachycephalic dogs are naturally playful and energetic like children so many families want them as family members.

What are some health risks for these breeds?

Because of their small noses and upper jaws, brachycephalic dogs typically suffer from breathing problems. They may also suffer from other conditions as they grow older, including eye and tooth problems. Make sure to take note and observe your pup for any of the following health issues:

• Breathing problems like snoring, snorting, loud breathing and fainting are common, especially during strenuous exercise. Their short muzzle, narrow windpipes, and short jaws also make it hard for these breeds to inhale and cool down in hot weather. 

• Tooth problems: Brachycephalic breeds have jaws that are too short to fit 42 adult teeth. This means they will likely have an overcrowded jaw that can be susceptible to dental diseases.

• Eye problems: Flat-faced dogs have beautiful, round eyes that tend to stick out, making them look permanently shocked. As a result, it’s hard for these doggies to shut their eyes when napping. They can also become blind or have vision problems if hit on the head. 

With enough care and attention, brachycephalic dogs can live a happy and healthy life. Here are a couple of ways you can ensure this for your pooch:

How do you care for a brachycephalic dog?

• Use a harness: Use a harness when walking your dog. Collars can pull and constrict your pup’s neck, making it harder for them to breathe. It can also strain their eyes and face.

• Do not exercise in hot weather: Hot weather is one of the biggest enemies of brachycephalic dogs. Their short muzzles make it impossible for these furry cuties to pant the right way, which means they can easily overheat. Keep your furbaby indoors and exercise when the sun isn’t out. 

• Keep your dog at a good weight: Obesity can make your dog’s breathing issues worse. It can also lead to other health issues that can lessen their quality of life. Make sure to give your puppy the right amount of food for their size and weight, and engage in exercise. 

• Take note of the sounds your pooch makes: If you notice your pup is panting, breathing loudly, or snoring, it may mean there’s something blocking their airway. Take your pet to the vet as soon as you can. 

Brachycephalic dogs need a little more attention and love than most other dog breeds. It can be a challenge but we believe it’s worth the effort. Short-nosed dogs are some of the most affectionate and attractive breeds you can have in your home. With the right family, these pooches can live happily forever. If you are ready to care for a brachycephalic dog, make sure to come to any of our Petland store locations and ask our Pet counselors about our available breeds!